Unit Description:
This unit introduces learners to the fundamental principles and practical applications of levelling in civil engineering. Learners will develop the skills to set up, use, and interpret levelling instruments and data in order to establish elevation differences and ensure level surfaces in construction projects. The unit focuses on hands-on activities and real-world scenarios to build foundational surveying competence.
Learning Outcomes:
By the end of this unit, learners will be able to:
- Explain the basic principles and objectives of levelling.
- Operate standard levelling equipment accurately.
- Record, interpret, and apply levelling data to support construction and design activities.
Main Topics Covered:
1. Introduction to Levelling and Surveying Concepts
- Definition, importance, and objectives of levelling in construction.
- Types of levelling (e.g., differential, profile, fly, and check levelling).
- Surveying terms and benchmarks.
2. Levelling Instruments and Field Procedures
- Parts and functions of common levelling instruments (e.g., dumpy level, automatic level, staff).
- Instrument setup, focusing, and adjustments.
- Levelling techniques: taking back sight, foresight, intermediate sight readings.
- Booking and reducing levels (Rise & Fall and Height of Collimation methods).
3. Practical Applications and Error Management
- Field exercises: conducting simple levelling runs.
- Identifying and minimizing common errors.
- Accuracy checks and verification methods.
- Using levelling data for setting out and construction control.
Assessment Methods:
- Practical exercises and fieldwork
- Quizzes and short written tests
- Observation checklists during equipment use
- Competency-based evaluation of levelling tasks
Resources Needed:
- Levelling instruments and staff
- Field notebooks and worksheets
- Sample site plans and benchmarks
- Teacher: gloria makokha
- Teacher: francis wambua